Federal Violations in Post-Pretoria Tigray
T he signing of the Permanent Cessation of Hostilities Agreement (CoHA)—commonly referred to as the Pretoria Agreement—on November 2, 2022, between the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia (FDRE) and the Tigray People’s Liberation Front (TPLF) was heralded as a relief. Mediated by the African Union (AU) and supported by international observers, the accord outlined a framework to cease military operations, restore constitutional order, guarantee unhindered humanitarian access, facilitate the withdrawal of non-federal and foreign forces, and establish a national framework for transitional justice . However, the post-Pretoria landscape has been characterized by selective compliance, structural non-implementation, and persistent human rights violations by the Federal Government. Rather than operating as a foundation for sustainable peace, the agreement has transitioned into a political instrument of consolidation, wherein federal authorities leverage administrativ...
